How to debug a cold storage system? What are the standards for normal operation of a cold storage facility?
1. In cold storage operations, after the compressor starts, it should run smoothly without any abnormal noise, and all protection and control components should be able to operate normally. Cold storage operations demand consistent performance checks to ensure efficiency.
2. The refrigerant water should be sufficient, the water pressure should not be less than 0.12MPa, the water flow rate should meet the design requirements, and the water temperature should generally be around 32℃.
3. For piston compressors, the oil pump outlet pressure should be 1.5~3 kg/cm² higher than the suction pressure; for screw compressors, the oil pressure should be at least 0.5 kg/cm² higher than the discharge pressure. The oil temperature should not be lower than 70℃, and the oil should not produce excessive foam; the oil level should not be lower than 1/3 of the oil sight glass. Proper oil management is key to efficient cold storage operations.
4. The intake temperature should be 5-15°C higher than the evaporation temperature. During normal operation, the intake temperature should not exceed 15°C. For air conditioning systems, the evaporation temperature should be about 5°C lower than the temperature of the medium. For refrigeration equipment, the intake temperature should be about 10-15°C lower than the temperature of the medium.
5. The exhaust temperature should not exceed 115℃ (R22). During normal compressor operation, the condensing pressure should not exceed 1.4MPa (for water-cooled units) and 1.95WPa (for air-cooled condensers).
6. For systems equipped with an automatic oil return system, the automatic oil return pipe should be alternately hot and cold, with no significant temperature difference before and after the liquid line filter. For systems with a receiver, the refrigerant level should not be lower than 1/3 of the level indicator. Monitoring the refrigerant is crucial in ensuring effective cold storage operations.
7. There should be no localized heating or frosting on the cylinder wall. For air conditioning products, there should be no frosting on the suction pipe. For refrigerated products, frosting on the suction pipe up to the suction valve port is normal.
8. During operation, the horizontal condenser should feel warmer at the top and cooler at the bottom, with the refrigerant interface at the hot-cold interface. The oil separator should feel warmer at the top and less warmer at the bottom, with the oil interface at the hot-cold interface. Cold storage operations rely on accurate temperature control and consistent monitoring.
9. The frost and condensation on the expansion valve body should be uniform (frost should not form in the air conditioning system), but dense frost should not be found at the outlet. Only a muffled, slight sound should be heard when liquid flows through the expansion valve. Cold storage operations with proper valve checks can significantly enhance operational lifespan.
10. Under certain water pressure and flow conditions, there should be a significant temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water, generally 3-5℃.
11. There should be no leaks or oil seepage in the system. The pointers of all pressure gauges should be relatively stable. The compressor current should not exceed the rated current, and the insulation resistance should not be less than 5MΩ. Reliable cold storage operations ensure that all systems are in optimal working condition.
Solutions for sudden power outages during operation:
1. Equip with Backup Power
If the refrigerated goods in the cold storage are valuable or susceptible to temperature fluctuations, equipping the cold storage with backup power is advisable to ensure the refrigeration equipment can operate for a short period after a power outage. Large cold storage facilities can consider equipping with generator sets, which automatically switch to generators to provide power during a power outage. Cold storage operations benefit greatly from reliable backup systems.
2. Keep Ice Containers on Hand
For smaller cold storage facilities, using backup power or generator sets is too expensive and inefficient. In such cases, it is essential to keep ice containers on hand. In case of power outages or refrigeration equipment malfunctions, ice can be used to maintain the temperature inside the cold storage.
3. Implement Power Outage Warnings
Cold storage managers should regularly monitor notices from the local power company. In case of power outages or line upgrades, timely countermeasures should be taken. For sudden power equipment failures or deliberate damage to lines, it is recommended to install power outage alarms. Timely alerts will minimize losses, thus contributing to stable cold storage operations.
Welcome to inquiry about products related to cold storage, refrigeration unit, and panels. Our expertise extends to pharmaceutical cold storage solutions tailored to your needs.
You also can check our Tiktok, Youtube, Instagram channel for more video show.
